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American entrada slogan

Trump's "Make America Dandy Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential entrada earlier Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Dandy Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton likewise used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential entrada and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'southward unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has chosen Trump'due south use of the phrase "probably the near resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a popular culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used past those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Us, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[four] [5] [vi] [7] The slogan was as well at the eye of ii events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [ix] [10] [11]

Utilize before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was outset used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th The states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United states of america presidential ballot: "What is the way? Here is America. In that location are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the homo of enterprise encouragement, who tin can requite them the spirit which will afford vision. That will make America great once again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was institute in some advertizing associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[xiii]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Allow's make America great over again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the U.s.a. was suffering from a worsening economy at domicile marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'southward economic distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[fourteen] [fifteen] [16] [17] Within his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, nosotros'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a cracking national crusade to make America cracking again."[xviii] [nineteen]

Neb Clinton [edit]

The phrase was besides used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used equally a entrada rallying cry, was a bulletin to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years ago, and... movement you back up on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'southward book nigh her unsuccessful 2010 bid every bit the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published past St. Martin's Press on August sixteen, 2011, as Troublemaker: Permit's Do What It Takes to Brand America Peachy Again.[24]

Utilise by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In Dec 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the futurity, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up because, higher up all else, we must make America great again."[25] Besides in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Once again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State's office to create the "Brand America Great Again Party", which would take allowed Trump to be that party'due south nominee if he had decided to become a tertiary-party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the solar day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Hand Romney. Past his ain business relationship, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", merely did not feel like it had the correct "ring" to information technology. "Make America Peachy" was his next slogan idea, only upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it unsaid that America was never great. Later on selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an chaser register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'south use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the Usa Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to apply the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, later Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Proceed America Peachy" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 entrada, Trump often used the slogan, especially past wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular amid his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the campaign that at one point information technology spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or goggle box commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...just it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that'due south an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Go on America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Withal, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to use the "Brand America Corking Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech communication, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was likewise mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a 3rd party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Brand America Smashing Again Party". In his offset few days out of office, he likewise supported Arizona state political party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late Jan 2021, the old president viewed the proposed MAGA Party equally leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself past tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's MODERN Day PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Over again!" on July one, 2017.[41]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in role) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump gear up up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly post-obit the announcement (June xvi, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring later his securing the Republican Party nomination (May three, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its utilize since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear information technology equally racist coded language, just too to those who have felt a loss of condition as other groups accept become more than empowered."[4] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates equally America Beginning did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Bully Over again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you wear 1, information technology'southward a pretty good indication that yous share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and edge walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are bear witness of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to entreatment to optimists mostly, while leaving enough of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the earth."[49] Polling has shown that nigh ten percent of blackness voters identified as Trump supporters,[l] [ non-chief source needed ] while most thirty percentage of Hispanic voters identified every bit Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should exist little doubt about US President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'simulated news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Neat Over again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Brand America White Again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin Win the War on Terror and Make America Cracking Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Permit's Practise What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'due south primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Peachy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send terminate-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Fence Once again", in response to Trump'due south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 fence.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America United mexican states Once again", a critique of Trump's clearing policies regarding the U.South.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Apply past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Old U.s.a. Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, request: "Exactly when did y'all recollect America was corking?"[sixty] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made great again considering America was e'er neat."[62] Trump afterwards tweeted "Make AMERICA Not bad Once more!" later that day.[63]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were ordinarily used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Brand Eu Lagom Again".[67] [68]

Feb 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans similar "Make World Greta Once more", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Brand the Globe Greta Again.[seventy]

In pop culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Brand America Great Over again" catchphrase equally it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took function in a "Brand America Horny Once again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump'southward initial 2016 entrada trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Slap-up Again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[73] [74]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Dandy Again" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Corking Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Slap-up Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Affections.[fourscore]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Nifty Once more" fez lid in one scene.[81]
  • The Syfy flick Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Once again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Peachy" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the motion-picture show featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my state [America] slap-up".[83] The adjacent film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Keen Again" during his campaign confronting Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombateleven newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Over again" in its marketing campaign.[86]
  • In Metal Gear Ascension: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once more.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called Thousand.A.T.A, meaning Brand America Trap Once again.[89]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[90]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Car, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA chapeau.
  • UK musician and writer James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 called 'Brand ANGER Slap-up Over again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Great Again" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Cracking Once more" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a vocal titled Make America Great Again.[95]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They besides sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat maxim "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Great Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described every bit "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once more",[98] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television receiver [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Calendar week This evening with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Over again", in reference to the original bequeathed name of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 one thousand thousand views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a entrada that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs begetting the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What'south By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[one]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

mitchelltherstion.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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